Waste disposal and its environmental impacts have become an increasingly growing concern within Canada. Canada generates more municipal waste per capita than any of its peer countries-at 777kg per capita in 2008, twice as much as Japan-across the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Solid and semi-solid waste is major waste category, with the oil sands industry being the largest solid waste producer in Canada.

In Ontario, most of the municipal solid waste is…